Course Content of B.Sc. Agricultural 3rd year 4 year Programme

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AG ECON 301 PRODUCTION ECONOMICS AND FARM MANAGEMENT SEM V/IX 2 (1+1)
Theory : Production economics: meaning, definition, nature and scope of agricultural production economics; basic concepts and terms; concepts of production; production function: meaning, definition, types, laws of returns-increasing, constant and decreasing; factor-product relationship; determination of optimum input and output levels; factor- factor relationship; product- product relationship; types of enterprise relationships; farm management: meaning, definition, importance; economic principles applied to the organisations of farm business; types and systems of farming, farm planning and budgeting, risk and uncertainty.
Practical : Computation of different costs and their application, different methods of computation of depreciation; analysis of net worth statement, farm inventory analysis and systems of book keeping; preparation of farm plans and budgets, types of farm records and accounts; preparation of profit and loss account statements; economic analysis of different crop and livestock enterprises.

AGRON 301 RAINFED AGRICULTURE SEM V/IX 2 (1+1)
Theory :  Rainfed farming: introduction; climatic and edaphic characteristics of rainfed agriculture; distribution of low rainfall areas in the state/india; problems of crop production in rainfed farming; land shaping and planting methods under low rainfall conditions; efficient management of rainfed crops; critical stages of life saving irrigations; major constraints and special package of practices for kharif and rabi crops under dryland conditions of haryana; study of mulches and anti-transpirents; water harvesting and moisture conservation; principles of intercropping, cropping systems/intercropping in rainfed agriculture; choice of crops and varieties for rainfed crops; contingent crop planting for aberrant weather situations; watershed management: principles and practices; scope of agro-horticultural, agro-forestry and silvi-pasture in dryland agriculture.
Practical : Rainfall analysis and interpretation, study of dry farming implements; agronomic measures of soil and moisture conservation; water conservation through different types of mulches and anti-transpirants, collection of biometric data of crops and its interpretation.

AGRON 302 ORGANIC FARMING SEM V/IX 2 (1+1)
Theory : Organic Farming: introduction, concepts, relevance in present context; organic production requirements; biological intensive nutrient management-organic manures, vermicomposting, green manuring, recycling of organic residues, bio-fertilizers; soil improvement and amendments; integrated diseases and pest management use of bio-control agents, biopesticides pheromones, trap crops, bird perches; water and weed management; quality considerations, certification, labeling and accreditation, marketing, exports.
Practical : Study of organically grown field crops through nutrient, diseases and pest management; vermi-composting; macro quality analysis, grading, packaging and post harvest management; quality of various composts made from different raw materials; green manure.

ENT 301 CROP AND STORED GRAIN PESTS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT SEM V/IX 3 (2+1)
Theory :  Distribution, biology, nature and symptoms of damage and management strategies of insect and non-insect pests of rice, sorghum, maize, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, sunhemp, pulses, groundnut, castor, safflower, sunflower, mustard, brinjal, bhindi, tomato, cruciferous and cucurbitaceous vegetables, potato, chillies, mango, citrus, grapevine, cashew, banana, pomegranate, guava, sapota, ber, apple, coconut, tobacco, coffee, tea, turmeric, onion, garlic coriander, pepper, ginger and ornamental plants; stored grain pests: coleopteran and lepidopteran pests, their biology and damage, preventive and curative methods.
Practical : Identification of pests and their damage symptoms on rice, sorghum, maize, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, pulse crops, solanaceous and malvaceous vegetables, cruciferous and cucurbitaceous vegetables, chillies, mango, ber, citrus, sapota, grapevine, guava and pomegranate.

EXT 301 EXTENSION METHODOLOGIES FOR TRANSFER OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY SEM VI/X 3 (2+1)
Theory : Communication: meaning, definition, models, elements and their characteristics, types and barriers in communication; extension programme planning: meaning, definitions of planning, programme, project, importance, principles and steps in programme development process, monitoring and evaluation of extension programmes; extension teaching methods: meaning, definition, functions and classification; individual contact methods: farm and home visit, result demonstration, field trials: meaning, objectives, steps, merits and demerits; group contact methods: group discussion, method demonstration, field trips: meaning, objectives, steps, merits and demerits; small group discussion techniques: lecture, symposium, panel, debate; forum, buzz group, workshop, brain storming, seminar and conference; mass contact methods: campaign, exhibition, kisan mela, radio and television: meaning, importance, steps, merits and demerits; factors influencing in selection of extension teaching methods and combination (media mix) of teaching methods; innovative information sources: internet, cyber cafes, video and tele conferences, kisan call centres, consultancy clinics; agricultural journalism: meaning, scope and importance, sources of news, types, merits and limitations; diffusion and adoption of innovations: meaning, definition, models of adoption process, innovation decision process: elements, adopter categories and their characteristics, factors influencing adoption process; capacity building of extension personnel and farmers: meaning, definition; types of training, training to farmers, farm women and rural youth – FTC and KVK.
Practical : Simulated exercises on communication; identifying the problems, fixing the priorities and selecting a most important problem for preparation of a project; developing a project based on identified problems in a selected village; organization of group discussion and method demonstration; visit to KVK/FTC; planning and writing of scripts for radio and television; audio visual aids: selection, planning, preparation, evaluation and presentation of visual aids; planning and preparation of visual aids: charts, posters, overhead projector, (OHP), transparencies, power point slides; planning and preparation of agricultural information materials: leaflet, folder, pamphlet, news stories, success stories, handling of public address equipment (PAE) system, still camera, video camera and liquid crystal display (LCD) projector.

GP 301 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY SEM V/IX 3 (2+1)
Theory : Concepts of plant biotechnology: history of plant tissue culture and plant genetic engineering; scope and importance in crop improvement: totipotency and morphogenesis, nutritional requirements of in-vitro cultures; techniques of in-vitro cultures, micro propagation, anther culture, pollen culture, ovule culture, embryo culture, test tube fertilization, endosperm culture, factors affecting in-vitro culture; applications and achievements; soma clonal variation, types, reasons: somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production technology; protoplast isolation, culture, manipulation and fusion; products of somatic hybrids and hybrids, applications in crop improvement; genetic engineering; restriction enzymes; vectors for gene transfer, gene cloning, direct and indirect method of gene transfer, transgenic plants and their applications; PCR, blotting techniques (southern, northern, and eastern); DNA probes: DNA finger printing using, DNA markers – RAPD, RFLP, AFLP, SSR, SNP and mapping QTLs, marker assisted selection, and its application in crop improvement, future prospects.
Practical : Requirements for plant tissue culture laboratory; techniques in plant tissue culture- media components and preparations; sterilization techniques and inoculation of various explants; aseptic manipulation of various explants; callus induction and plant regeneration; micro propagation of important crops; anther, embryo and endosperm culture; hardening / acclimatization of regenerated plants; somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production; isolation of protoplast; demonstration of culturing of protoplast; demonstration of isolation of DNA; demonstration of gene transfer techniques, direct methods; demonstration of confirmation of genetic transformation (GUS assay/antibiotic resistance techniques); demonstration of gel-electrophoresis techniques.

HORT 301/ VSC 301 POST-HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES SEM V/IX 2 (1+1) (To be taught jointly by Horticulture and Vegetable Science)
Theory : Importance and scope of post-harvest technology of horticultural crops; post-harvest classification of fruits and vegetables; maturity indices; changes during maturity and ripening; harvesting and post-harvest operations like, curing, pre-cooling, sorting, grading, trimming, bunching, washing, drying, waxing, packaging and storage of fruits and vegetables; cold chain storage systems; causes of post-harvest losses and their control measures; principles and methods of preservation of fruits and vegetables

Practical :Practice in judging maturity of various fruits and vegetables; determination of PLW, TSS, sugars, acidity and ascorbic acid in fruits and vegetables; types and methods of packaging; methods of prolonging storage life; effect of ethylene on ripening of banana/mango; identification of equipment and machinery used for preservation of fruits and vegetables; preparation of jam, jelly, marmalades, juices, squashes, chutneys, pickles and ketchup; visit to local processing units.




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